Modeling and analysis of magnetic hybrid nanoparticle (Au-Al2O3/blood) based drug delivery through a bell-shaped occluded artery with joule heating, viscous dissipation and variable viscosity effects

The present work deals with the impact of hybrid nanoparticles (Au-Al 2 O 3 ) on blood flow pattern through a porous cylindrical artery bell-shaped stenosis in presence an external magnetic field, Joule heating, and viscous dissipation by considering two-dimensional pulsatile flow. temperature-dependent viscosity model is utilized this study. assumed to be unsteady, laminar, viscous, incompressible. mild stenotic presumption normalizes reduces bi-directional uni-directional. Crank-Nicolson scheme applied solve continuity, momentum, energy equations appropriate initial boundary conditions. Transport characteristics are visualized graphically for key dimensionless parameters such as Magnetic number ([Formula: see text]), Darcy ( Da), Grashof Gr), parameter ? 0 ), Reynolds Re), Eckert Number Ec), Prandtl Pr), different concentration both ? 1 , pressure gradient B ). velocity contours emerging have also been drawn assess overall behaviour patterns. non-dimensional profile enhanced increment values Da, implying that medium permeability provides less resistance Increasing Ec) heating text]) simultaneously raise nanofluid temperature. Hybrid /blood) effectively reduce hemodynamic variables wall shear stress (impedance). finds applications nano-mediated treatment atherosclerosis other diseases.